The safety control of the operation process needs to be implemented throughout the entire process. Before starting work, operators must undergo professional training and be familiar with the hazardous characteristics and emergency measures of anhydrous ethanol. The working environment should maintain good ventilation, and if necessary, install forced ventilation devices. At the same time, keep away from open flames and heat sources. Electrical equipment should comply with explosion-proof standards, and prominent warning signs such as "No Smoking" should be posted. Personal protective equipment is indispensable. Operators need to wear chemical safety goggles, nitrile rubber gloves, anti-static work clothes, and self suction filter gas masks in high concentration steam environments. During the operation, anhydrous ethanol should be handled with care to avoid collision, friction, and static electricity. Explosion proof tools should be used to open the container. Heating operations are strictly prohibited from direct burning with open flames. Indirect heating methods such as water baths should be used. If a small amount of leakage occurs, inert materials such as sand should be immediately absorbed and properly disposed of.
Storage management must follow strict classification and protection standards. Anhydrous ethanol should be stored in a cool and ventilated dedicated warehouse, with a temperature not exceeding 30 ℃. The container should be kept sealed to prevent steam leakage. During storage, it is necessary to store it separately from hazardous materials such as oxidants, acids, and alkali metals, and avoid mixing storage to prevent chemical reactions. The warehouse floor should be treated with anti-static measures, equipped with grounding devices, and regularly checked for static elimination. A small amount of anhydrous ethanol for laboratory use should be stored in an explosion-proof refrigerator, away from heat sources and oxidants. The principle of "on-demand use and clear ledger" should be followed when receiving it to avoid hoarding in large quantities. In addition, the storage area should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment, such as dry powder fire extinguishers, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, etc., and ensure that the staff are proficient in using them.
Emergency response plans need to be accurately formulated for different unexpected situations. When a leakage accident occurs, personnel in the contaminated area should be immediately evacuated to a safe zone and the fire source should be cut off. A small amount of leakage should be adsorbed with sand and filled into a dedicated waste liquid tank; A large amount of leakage needs to be collected by building a dike, covered with foam to reduce the steam disaster, and then transferred to a special collector by an explosion-proof pump. During fire accident disposal, the initial fire can be put out with dry powder or soluble foam fire extinguishers. When the fire expands, it is necessary to evacuate the site immediately and give an alarm. Firefighters should work upwind when putting out the fire, and continue to spray water to cool the container.
The emergency response to personnel contact injuries needs to be timely and standardized. After skin contact, contaminated clothing should be immediately removed and rinsed with plenty of flowing water for at least 15 minutes; If liquid splashes into the eyes, lift the eyelids and thoroughly rinse with physiological saline for 15 minutes before seeking medical attention promptly; After inhaling high concentration vapor, it is necessary to quickly transfer to a place with fresh air. If breathing is difficult, oxygen should be given, and in severe cases, artificial respiration should be performed immediately and medical attention should be sought; If accidental ingestion occurs, it is necessary to drink sufficient warm water to induce vomiting and seek medical attention. Do not use medication to induce vomiting. In addition, the waste liquid and waste contaminated with ethanol after use should be classified and collected in explosion-proof waste liquid tanks, and handed over to qualified units for disposal. It is strictly prohibited to dump and pollute the environment at will.
