Physical and chemical properties of isopropanol

2021-07-27

Physical and chemical properties of isopropanol

density0.8±0.1 g/cm3
boiling point73.0±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg
melting point-89.5 °C
molecular formulaC3H8O
molecular weight60.095
flash point11.7±0.0 °C
Accurate quality60.057514
PSA20.23000
LogP0.16
Appearance and properties无色液体
Steam density2.1 (vs air)
Steam pressure81.3±0.2 mmHg at 25°C
Refractive index1.376
Storage conditions

1. Storage tanks, pipelines, and related equipment for anhydrous isopropanol can be made of carbon steel, but measures should be taken to prevent water vapor. Isopropanol containing water must be stored in containers or equipment with appropriate lining or made of stainless steel to prevent corrosion. The pump for handling isopropanol is preferably an automatically controlled centrifugal pump and equipped with an explosion-proof motor. Transportation can be done using car tank trucks, train tank trucks, 200l (53usgal) iron drums, or smaller containers. The outer wall of the transport container should have markings indicating flammable liquids.

2. Storage precautions: Store in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Stay away from sources of fire and heat. The storage temperature should not exceed 37 ℃. Keep the container sealed. It should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, halogens, etc., and avoid mixing storage. Adopt explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities. Prohibit the use of mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to generating sparks. The storage area should be equipped with emergency response equipment for leaks and suitable containment materials.

stability

1. Odor similar to ethanol. It is miscible with water, ethanol, ether, and chloroform. It can melt various organic substances such as alkaloids and rubber, as well as certain inorganic substances. At room temperature, it can ignite and burn, and its steam can easily form explosive mixtures when mixed with air.

2. This product has low toxicity, and operators should wear protective equipment. Isopropanol is prone to produce peroxides and sometimes requires identification before use. The method is to take 0.5mL of isopropanol, add 1mL of 10% potassium iodide solution, 0.5mL of 1:5 dilute hydrochloric acid, and a few drops of starch solution, shake for 1 minute. If it turns blue or blue black, it indicates the presence of peroxide.

3. Flammable and low toxic substances. The toxicity of steam is twice that of ethanol, while the toxicity when taken orally is the opposite. High concentration steam has a significant anesthetic effect, stimulates the mucous membranes of the eyes and respiratory tract, and can damage the retina and optic nerve. Rat oral LD505.47g/kg. The maximum allowable concentration in the air is 980mg/m3. Operators should wear gas masks. When the concentration is high, airtight protective goggles should be worn. Closed equipment and pipelines; Implement partial or comprehensive ventilation.

4. Belongs to the category of micro toxins. The physiological effects are similar to ethanol, with stronger toxicity, anestheticity, and irritation to the upper respiratory mucosa than ethanol, but not as strong as propanol. Almost no accumulation in the body, with a bactericidal ability twice as strong as ethanol. The olfactory threshold concentration is 1.1mg/m3. The maximum allowable concentration in the workplace is 1020mg/m3.

5. Stability and stability

6. Prohibited substances include strong oxidants, acids, anhydrides, and halogens

7. Aggregation hazard: non aggregation


Water solubilitymiscible
freezing point-89.5℃
molecular structure

1. Molar refractive index: 17.44

2. Molar volume (cm3/mol): 75.9

3. Waiting for Zhang Biarong (90.2K): 165.6

4. Surface tension (dyne/cm): 22.6

5. Polarization rate (10-24cm3): 6.91


computational chemistry

1. Reference value for hydrophobic parameter calculation (XlogP): 0.3

2. Number of hydrogen bond donors: 1

3. Number of hydrogen bond acceptors: 1

4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 0

5. Number of tautomers: None

6. Topological molecular polarity surface area 20.2

7. Number of heavy atoms: 4

8. Surface charge: 0

9. Complexity: 10.8

10. Number of isotopic atoms: 0

11. Determine the number of atomic stereocenters: 0

12. Uncertain number of atomic stereocenters: 0

13. Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters: 0

14. Number of uncertain chemical bond stereocenters: 0

15. Number of covalent bond units: 1


more

1. Appearance: Colorless and transparent liquid, with an odor similar to a mixture of ethanol and acetone.

2. Melting point (℃): -88.5

3. Boiling point (℃): 82.5

4. Relative density (water=1): 0.79

5. Relative vapor density (air=1): 2.1

6. Saturated vapor pressure (kPa): 4.40 (20 ℃)

7. Heat of combustion (kJ/mol): -1995.5

8. Critical temperature (℃): 235

9. Critical pressure (MPa): 4.76

10. Octanol/water partition coefficient: 0.05

11. Flash point (℃): 11 (CC)

12. Ignition temperature (℃): 456

13. Explosion upper limit (%): 12.7

14. Lower explosive limit (%): 2.0

15. Solubility: soluble in most organic solvents such as water, ethanol, ether, benzene, chloroform, etc.

16. Viscosity (mPa · s, 20 º C): 2.431

17. Heat of evaporation (KJ/mol, b.p.): 40.06

18. Melting heat (KJ/kg): 88.26

19. Heat of generation (KJ/mol): January 2005

20. Specific heat capacity (KJ/(kg · K), 20 º C, constant pressure): 2.55

21. Conductivity (S/m): 35.1 × 10-7

22. Thermal conductivity (W/(m · K), 20 º C): 15.49

23. Coefficient of body expansion (K-1, 20 º C): 0.00107

24. Relative density (20 ℃, 4 ℃): 0.7855

25. Relative density (25 ℃, 4 ℃): 0.7813

26. Room temperature refractive index (n25): 1.3752

27. Critical density (g · cm-3): 0.271

28. Critical volume (cm3 · mol-1): 222

29. Critical compression factor: 0.250

30. Eccentricity factor: 0.669

31. Lennard Jones parameter (A): 15.20

32. Lennard Jones parameter (K): 135.4

33. Solubility parameter (J · cm-3) 0.5:23.575

34. van der Waals area (cm2 · mol-1): 6.270 × 109

35. van der Waals volume (cm3 · mol-1): 42.160

36. Gas phase standard combustion heat (enthalpy) (kJ · mol-1): 2051.42

37. Gas phase standard claims enthalpy (kJ · mol-1): -272.42

38. Gas phase standard entropy (J · mol-1 · K-1): 309.20

39. Gas phase standard generation free energy (kJ · mol-1): -173.6

40. Gas phase standard hot melt (J · mol-1 · K-1): 89.32

41. Liquid phase standard combustion heat (enthalpy) (kJ · mol-1): -2005.98

42. Liquid phase standard claims enthalpy (kJ · mol-1): -317.86

43. Liquid phase standard entropy (J · mol-1 · K-1): 180.58

44. Liquid phase standard generation free energy (kJ · mol-1): -180.29

45. Liquid phase standard hot melt (J · mol-1 · K-1): 154.4


Disclaimer

The news and information released by Fuyu Chemical Platform are only provided as knowledge and for reference and communication among industry professionals. We do not guarantee their completeness. You should not use this as a substitute for your own judgment, therefore any risks arising from the information should be borne by yourself and have nothing to do with the Fuyu Chemical Platform. If there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it!

Article source: Huayuan Network

share
Next:This is the last one
Prev:This is the first article